So now what do I do? Hopefully you aren’t too confused about the difference between Roth IRA’s, Traditional IRA’s, 401(k)’s, tax sheltered plans, non-tax sheltered plans, mutual funds, and stocks. Knowing the difference is not enough. You have to know which company to invest with, which funds to invest in, and how to go about doing that. Here’s my best attempt at helping. My goal is to help a first time investor find an investment that they feel comfortable with while they start building for their future retirement.
The Big Ones
There are a few big companies that you see commercials for on a regular basis - Vanguard, T. Rowe Price, Fidelity, Charles Schwab, TD Ameritrade, and more. I will focus on what I feel are the best 2 options for beginning investors. The 2 that I have chosen are Vanguard and T. Rowe Price(TRP). I did not choose Fidelity, because they require an initial $10,000 investment to invest in their funds.
T. Rowe Price
Advantages of TRP
-TRP has a great selection of target date retirement funds. Basically, you take the year that you are planning to retire, and find a fund that is dated for that time period. For me, it will be between 2040-2045. So the TRP Retirement 2045 would be the best choice for me. Within this fund, I am invested in many different TRP funds, 14 to be exact. 91.50% is invested in stocks while 8.50% is in bonds. In my opinion this is a good aggressive mix for people in the mid to early twenties. You are invested in some international markets, emerging markets, small cap stocks, different types of large-cap stocks, mid-cap stocks, domestic bonds, and high-yield bonds. If that sounds like French to you, all it means is that you are diversified.
-TRP has incredibly low requirements when starting up your fund. Most investments with other companies require an initial investment anywhere from $1,000-$10,000. With the automatic asset builder from TRP, you can start with as little as $50, but you have to contribute at least $50 each month through an automatic withdrawal from your checking account. If you choose not to do this, you can start with the intial $1,000 investment which still is not bad at all.
-TRP has a great website. It’s very user-friendly and easy to understand.
- It’s free to trade among other TRP mutual funds (but you don’t want to do this very often)
- TRP has plenty of No-Load funds to choose from.
Disadvantages of TRP
- TRP has a stupid $10 fee for those of us who have balances less than $5,000. At least for this year, this will be me. Once you get over $5,000, there are no additional fees.
- TRP’s expense ratio is a tad bit higher than Vanguards. For the 2045 Retirement fund, the expense ratio is .74%
Vanguard
Advantages of Vanguard
- Vanguard is the low cost leader in mutual funds. They will almost always have the lowest expense ratio. For their 2045 Retirement fund, the expense ratio is .20%.
- They have a better reputation than TRP. Not that TRP is bad, Vanguard is probably just more well-known.
- Vanguard also has a tremendous selection of mutual funds as well as index funds. (In a nutshell, an index fund “aims to replicate the movements of an index of a specific financial market” such as the S&P 500.) Vanguard also has a target date retirement fund for just about anybody. Looking at the Vanguard Target Retirement 2045, you’ll see it is very similar to TRP’s 2045 Retirement fund. This fund invests in 89.73% stocks, 10.01% in bonds, and .26% in short term reserves. I honestly don’t know the point of that .26%. Within this fund you are invested in the following: Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund, Total Bond Market Index Fund, European Stock Index Fund, Pacific Stock Index Fund, and the Emerging Markets Stock Index Fund.
- Vanguard normally charges a $20 feeif balances are less than $10,000. However, they just recently eliminated this feeif you receive electronic statements. Not too bad! This is a nice advantage over TRP’s $10 fee even if you have electronic statements.
- It’s free to trade between Vanguard funds.
Disadvantages of Vanguard
- Vanguard requires an initial investment of $3,000. This is hard for most new/young investors. They offer a fund called the Star Fund that you can start with $1,000, but I do not like the way the funds are allocated (63% stock, 25% bonds, 12% cash). It’s a little too conservative for me.
My Opinion
I feel that TRP is very accessible and beneficial for young investorswho don’t have a lot of money to start with. The main drawback of TRP is the fees. They are a little bit higher than Vanguard. The Target Date Retirement funds are very comparable though. TRP has outperformed Vanguard this year, but just barely, and in the long run, who knows what could happen.
Because I opened a Roth IRA for my wife and I, to go with Vanguard I would need to have $6,000. And once you put money in any type of IRA, that’s money that’s hard to get back without penalties. I personally didn’t have $6,000 to start with. Therefore, I went with TRP and the 2045 Retirement Fund. I haven’t been hit with the $10 fee yet, but I will be before the year ends. I contribute the same amount each month to each of our accounts, and I will add any extra money that we have been able to save at the end of the year. My emergency fund has been my main focus up until this point, but now that the balance is close to our goal, all extra money will start going to the IRA’s.
Once I reach the $3,000 balance in each of the TRP funds, I will most likely switch to Vanguard for the long haul. The expense ratio is lower, and that will play a big role as time goes on. Also, once my balances get high enough, I may create my own allocation for the funds instead of letting Vanguard do it for me. I’ve yet to determine this though, and it will be awhile before I have to cross this bridge.
Why post this?
So the question is why did I post this. The main reason is that I want to see people save and not spend. I don’t want to see my friends retire with no money (or not enough money). I want to see people save more than they earn. Most importantly, I wanted people in their 20’s to see that it’s easy to start now. It doesn’t take a lot of money. Investing is not just for the rich, it’s for everyone. And remember, I’m no expert, it’s just my opinion. Also, remember that anytime you’re in the stock market, you will always have a chance of losing money. Hopefully you’ll always gain more than you lose though.





